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STUDENT MOTIVATION: OVERVIEW OF KEY THEORIES

Abstract

The phenomenon of student motivation in high school is crucial for academic success and long- term educational outcomes. It is a complex and multidimensional construct, with both internal and external influences. However, despite extensive research on motivation, there remains a need to deepen our understanding of how various factors such as individual characteristics, teacher practices, and the learning environment interact to influence student motivation specifically in the high school setting. In order to understand the psychological dimension of motivation, its internal and external aspects need to be considered in such discussions. The internal refers to what exists within us and focuses on the individual and their actions. Specifically, it is fostered when the action is experienced as autonomous. On the contrary, external motivation is dependant on external factors. For high school students, motivation for studying relates to the internal or external drive that pushes students to engage in learning activities, complete assignments, and strive for academic success during their middle school years. This demonstrates that there are a range of factors that influence the encouragement of motivation for learning. This review aims to portray the complex dynamics of student motivation in high school and identify key determinants and barriers to motivation. Self-Determination Theory and Achievement Goal Theory can be distinguished among main theories related to motivation. Self-Determination Theory (SDT) emphasizes the importance of intrinsic motivation, autonomy, and competence in driving behavior. On the other hand, Achievement Goal Theory explores how students' goals and the classroom environment influence their motivation and achievement.

Keywords

student, motivation, Self-Determination Theory, Achievement Goal Theory

Authors

MSc. Ermelinda KAJTAZI

Beder University College
PhD Albana CEKREZI

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